THE MYSTERY OF VICTORIAN PURPLE DYE

Education, Entertainment, History, Scientific 5 Minutes

The Victorian era was one of science and innovation. Cameras, cars, electricity and evolution were heralded in under the reign of Queen Victoria. In the world of Chemistry, Dalton and Faraday were making discoveries in atomic theory and electricity. One of the most famous chemists of this era was William Henry Perkin.

In 1856, an 18-year-old William Perkin, Hofmann’s assistant at the Royal College of Chemistry, was tasked to create a chemical synthesis of quinine. Quinine is found in tonic water and used as an anti-malarial. Perkin made several attempts at the synthesis over the Easter vacation in his home laboratory, using coal tar as a source of aniline. Oxidizing the aniline with potassium dichromate gave a black sludge which didn’t contain aniline: it contained something far more exciting. Perkin noticed whilst cleaning out a flask with ethanol that a purple solution had formed – an observation which led to Perkin becoming one of the most celebrated chemists of the Victorian era.

William Henry Perkin

The purple substance – initially named aniline purple – was one of the world’s first synthetic dyes: mauveine. Mauveine’s significance as a dye is its elusive colour. Throughout history, purple clothes have been worn almost exclusively by the richest in society due to the expense of creating purple dyes. Phoenician dye, known as ‘Purple of the Ancients’, is a famous example made from predatory sea snails.

Perkin was encouraged by his family to test the purple substance for colouring clothes. A sample was sent to Messrs Pullar of Perth who gave their approval. Finding success, he quickly patented the method. He set up a factory with his brother, funded by his father. In doing so, he brought purple to the Victorian mass market.

Purple became the height of fashion in Paris and London in the late 1850s to early 1860s, and the frenzy over mauve became known as ‘mauveine measles’. Even Queen Victoria was not exempt from the excitement, appearing in 1862 at the International Exhibition wearing a silk dress colored by mauveine. Wife of Napoleon III, Empress Eugenie wore mauveine-dyed dresses to stat functions.

Piece of silk dyed by Sir William Henry Perkin in 1860

But within this story there lurks a curious mystery. Closer inspection of Perkin’s synthesis method reveals that he may have been hiding something. There are eight bottles of mauvine alleged to have been made by Perkin left in the whole world, spread across six museums in four cities: London, Manchester, Bradford and New York. Museum-stored mauveine was tested in the 1990s and is rich in two main components – the chromophores of mauveine known as mauveine A and mauveine B.

Dr. John Plater at the University of Aberdeen repeated Perkin’s synthesis as it was written in the original patent, and here’s where the curiosity begins. The synthesis produces not two chromophores of mauveine, but four: A, B, B2 and C.

John Plater obtained his BSc in Chemistry from Loughborough University in 1986 and his PhD in heterocyclic synthesis from Imperial College of Science, Technology and Medicine in 1989. He was awarded his DSc from The University of Aberdeen in 2009 where he is currently Senior Lecturer.

Did Perkin miss something out when he patented his method? Or are the samples in these museums not genuine Perkin’s mauveine? To solve this mystery, Dr. Plater began investigating the synthesis of mauveine. Perkin’s starting material was aniline extracted from coal tar, and later made commercially from coal-tar, which would also have contained two impurities, ortho- and para-toluidine, which have a similar chemical structure to aniline.

A bottle of original William Henry Perkin (WHP) mauveine from the WHP factory in Greenford.


Dr. Plater’s attempts to make mauveine from different combinations of aniline and toluidines were always unsuccessful – he never managed to create a product with only the A and B chromophores. Every synthesis created four chromophores of mauveine. Removing the B2 and C chromophores was also impossible.

In the search for more information, Dr. Plater was given access to analyze three samples of Perkin’s mauveine. These samples were stored in museums: one in Manchester, Bradford, and the other in Sudbury, the London borough where Perkin built both his family home and his factory. One sample is accompanied with a letter, addressed to Prof Henry Armstrong Fellow of the Royal Society, from William Henry Perkin’s son, Frederick Mollwo Perkin. The ‘Mollwo’ letter, as it is now known, provides evidence that the museum-stored mauveine samples are from Perkin’s factory.

An example of a Victorian mauveine dyed silk dress, Science Museum London.

Dr Plater used liquid chromatography-mass spectrometry (LC-MS) to identify the chromophores present in these mauveine samples. In LC-MS, liquid chromatography is used to separate compounds by running them along a long column filled with reverse phase silica gel. The different chromophores reach the end of the column at different times. Mass spectrometry can then be used to identify the structure of each chromophore from its molecular mass and the way it fragments. This revealed that the Bradford and Sudbury mauveines, like the Manchester mauveine, are highly rich in mauveine A and B.

Museum-stored mauveines match each other in their compositions, and the Mollwo letter provides evidence that the samples originate from Perkin. However, the synthesis described by Perkin doesn’t produce mauveine with the correct composition. Dr. Plater deduces from this that Perkin actually used a different synthesis method from the one he said he used.

Perkin’s mauve was used to colour 6d postage stamps from 1867-1880.

A final clue in this mystery comes from six pence stamps. Victorian postage stamps printed using mauveine dyes are available to purchase online. Dr. Plater analyzed the mauveine in 15 six pence stamps using LC-MS. Each stamp had a slightly different composition, generally of all four chromophores. A fluctuating composition of mauveine provides further evidence that the method for synthesizing mauveine changed over time. Dr. Plater believes that his method is actually more similar than the method in Perkins patent to the method actually used by Perkin.

Purple became the height of fashion in Paris and London in the late 1850s to early 1860s, and the frenzy over mauve became known as ‘mauveine measles’.


One question remains: why would Perkin patent one method for making mauveine, but use another? An answer may be to do with the yield of product. Dr. Plater notes that mauveine is actually very difficult to make. The yields are low – about 1 per cent. The method proposed by Dr. Plater increases the yield to about five per cent. Perkin discovered this synthesis by accident, but clearly understood the chemistry well enough to understand the need for research and development.

But there may be another answer to this question. In a lecture in 1896, Perkin revealed his concerns about his competition: other manufacturers of mauveine were using copper chloride as an oxidizing agent in place of Perkin’s potassium dichromate. Dr. Plater has strong evidence now that Perkin never revealed his true method. Perkin may well have done this intentionally: as the demand for synthetic dyes grew, Perkin wanted to avoid his competition getting hold of his secrets.

Perkin was the first person to mass produce a synthetic dye, but this research uncovers a new aspect to Perkin’s achievements. Analysis of mauveine stored in museums, Victorian stamps, and Perkin’s original patent provides evidence that Perkin iterated and improved his method of making his dye, making him one of the first chemists to realize the value of research and development. Because Perkin never revealed his true method, we may never know how he did it – but with Dr. Plater’s research we are one step closer to the truth.

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Published by NebraskaFilly

Army veteran (1976-1979), retired with entirely too much time on my hands

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200 thoughts on “THE MYSTERY OF VICTORIAN PURPLE DYE”

        2. he was supposed to go in for the company wide sexual harassment meeting but the owner said he could stay home and practice on me…LOL

          Like

  3. 2 of 4 americans kidnapped in Mexico found dead…other 2 are found, one has injuries\
    FTA

    MEXICO CITY (AP) — Two of four Americans abducted in Mexico last week when their van was caught in a shootout were found dead, a top Mexican official said Tuesday. The two others have been found alive, with one wounded.

    Tamaulipas Gov. Américo Villarreal did not provide details on the extent of the wounded person’s injuries, saying, “right now the ambulances and the rest of the security personnel are going to give the corresponding support.” The governor offered no additional information about where or how the U.S. citizens were found.

    The FBI reported Sunday that it was searching with Mexican authorities for the missing Americans, who were kidnapped Friday. A relative of one of them said Monday that they had traveled together from South Carolina so one of them could get a tummy tuck from a doctor in the border city of Matamoros, across from Brownsville, Texas.

    https://apnews.com/article/mexico-kidnapped-americans-killed-eaed854f1b16cd61fb79edcb5b87cfe6

    Liked by 1 person

  4. “Covid: Your tax dollars at work — A huge leak of internal messages from 2020 and 2021 from top British officials reveals our (okay, their, in this case) fearless leaders were as clueless as they seemed, especially about vaccines”

    Alex Berenson
    22 min ago

    EXCERPT: “Somewhere, Winston Churchill just threw up. A week ago, the British newspaper The Telegraph started publishing secret text messages among government ministers about Britain’s response to Covid. The good news is they don’t reveal a high-level government conspiracy to use Covid to install Bill Gates as Emperor of the Universe. The bad news is… everything else.

    Fearless leadership is no longer in style on either side of the Atlantic. Try bad math, power grabs, and efforts to frighten the public (while simultaneously leading from the rear) instead. Worst of all, the messages reveal that Britain’s then-health minister, Matt Hancock, fell completely for the Covid vaccines once the initial clinical trial results came out. When it came to the jabs, his main concern was getting as much airtime as possible to brag about them so he would “own the exit.”

    How’d that work out for you, Matt? The messages, which the Telegraph calls the Lockdown Files, belonged to the former British health minister, one Matthew John David Hancock. Matt has lately made a series of unfortunate life decisions. In June 2021, he was forced to resign after being caught on camera kissing his top aide, Gina Coladangelo.

    Yes, Gina served him in a variety of positions! (I’ll never get tired of that joke…) Anyhoo, Matt separated from his wife and went on a British reality television show called “I’m a Celebrity… Get Me Out of Here!” He was paid $400,000 for the appearance, but he didn’t do it for the money. He donated his fee to charity. Correction: he donated 3 percent of his fee to charity. Details, details.

    Matt’s next big move was a book called “Pandemic Diaries: The inside story of Britain’s battle against Covid,” which came out two months ago. Demand for Matt’s insights is… not great. As of this Tuesday morning, the book ranks 662,289th in the Kindle store.”

    https://alexberenson.substack.com/p/covid-your-tax-dollars-at-work

    Liked by 1 person

  5. “Chips with Everything? This was the title of a 1962 play about class in the UK, where chips (french fries) accompanied every meal in the cheaper cafes. But Matt Hancock used the term quite differently. Injecting Bill Gates’ chips? And therefore Bill owed Matt a favor?”

    Meryl Nass
    8 min ago

    ENTIRE ARTICLE: “First read the leaked texts of Hancock and Poole, then we can try and decipher them.

    The Telegraph thinks they are just a joke.

    “Considering how many people I’m getting his chips injected into, he owes me one.”

    Well, if chips means fried potato, what else might it mean? The Oxford dictionary says a chip is a fragment or sliver, or a special type of shot in golf. The urban dictionary says it could mean money, marijuana or sex. Actually there are plenty of slang things it might be, but none of them get injected into people. Furthermore, these texts are from January 2021, early into the vaccine program, before there was much talk of people being injected with chips, or being magnetized, or emitting blue tooth.

    And it wasn’t any old chip, it was Bill Gates’ chips. I am going to leave this here, as we cannot know what Matt Hancock was thinking.

    We do know what he was doing. He issued lots of highhanded orders, forced the police to go after people for leaving their homes, understood nothing about pandemics, lied often, and lost his job for shagging his employee at the office. So knowingly adding chips to vaccines? I wouldn’t put it past him.”

    Liked by 1 person

  6. Went to Tucker Carlson’s twitter feed and his introduction statement was a bit disconcerting:

    “Emmy-award-winning broadcast journalist, graduate of Harvard College & Yale Law School. Frequent visitor to the Aspen Inst. Fully vaccinated. She/Hers,” followed by a Ukraine flag.

    If you scroll down, you can see that Tucker has been wearing blue and yellow ties most nights.

    The Aspen Institute sponsors ESG – the ruinous policies that are killing nations’ economies.

    That wasn’t what I expected and wasn’t very reassuring to say the least.

    Liked by 1 person

  7. I’m re-watching Tucker from last night….he just stated something that is not true. “…so there were many mysteries we could not solve. Among them, unfortunately, is the shooting of Ashli Babbitt. From the evidence we have – the publicly available evidence – it seems clear that Babbitt was murdered by a Capitol Hill Police officer called Michael Bird – Ashli Babbitt was unarmed, she was shorter in stature than average, she posed no conceivable threat to anyone. But, beyond that, we can only speculate about what happened – there were no security cameras near the Speaker’s lobby where Ashli Babbitt was killed.” The whole danged thing is on video with sound!!!!

    Liked by 2 people

    1. I don’t even need to read that one – a solid, unchanging NO from this little speck in flyover country!!! People can form towns as THEY decide! Better yet, return some of those Federal lands back to the People, to whom it rightfully belongs anyway!!!

      Liked by 2 people

    2. if the federal land is going to be used for drilling/oil leases, I can see building a community around that…they’ll need lodging, banks, groceries, electric…
      but just to make another city? no thanks

      Liked by 1 person

  9. sliding down…we just got power back!
    went off right before lunch..
    hubby should have taken the chainsaw with him…the trees in these woods are bending over dramatically!!

    Liked by 2 people

      1. he does.
        but he has to meet with the auditors every March. (he’s the accounting manager)
        and if there’s company meetings–like for health insurance changes, policy updates–he goes in for that. but he mostly works at home.
        March is just audit month.

        Like

  11. “Sweden: Migrant man who stabbed 10-year-old Dutch girl has 52 crimes on his record. Despite dozens of criminal convictions, the Swedish courts’ decision to continuously grant Milad Salari parole has nearly cost a young girl her life”

    March 06, 2023
    editor: REMIX NEWS author: JOHN CODY

    ENTIRE ARTICLE: “The Iranian migrant who attempted to murder a 10-year-old Dutch girl in Gothenburg last week has been identified as Milad Salari, who has a tremendous 52 convictions on his record, including theft, assault, robbery and drug offenses. Despite violating his parole on numerous occasions, Swedish judges continuously issued him new parole terms, which allowed him to avoid prison.

    Video of the stabbing attack went viral last week, with the 36-year-old suspect stabbing the girl in the neck before pedestrians tackled the man. It is unclear why he targeted her, but pedestrians claim he screamed “Allahu Akbar” during the incident. The victim is said to be in serious but stable condition.

    The tremendous amount of criminal convictions and citations on the man’s record — and the fact that he was free to try and murder a child — is being pointed to as an example of the horrific migrant crime Sweden has been exposed to in recent years, which has led to a record number of murders and shootings. After his arrest on Thursday, Salari reportedly assaulted police officers inside the police station, according to Expressen.

    Salari arrived in Sweden with his parents and two older siblings in July 1989 from the city of Shiraz in Iran and was granted a temporary residence permit the following month. The next year, the Salari family obtained a permanent residence permit, and in September 1994, Milad’s mother applied for Swedish citizenship for her son, which was granted in October 1998.

    Since then, he has been a criminal menace to Swedish society. Upon turning 15 in 2002, he was convicted of his first crime, which involved theft. From there, his criminal career took off. Before he was 18, he already had 24 cases on his record, according to Swedish publication Nyheter Idag. Salari appears to have specialized in armed robbery. After he turned 18, he was sentenced to one and a half years in prison after he and a friend robbed a Vodafone showroom in the Nordstan mall in Gothenburg with a fake pistol.

    In 2011, he was sentenced to one year in prison for another robbery, as well as one month in prison for unlawful threats. He was issued probation for a number of minor violations the following year, as well as a fine for a trespassing case in Copenhagen, Denmark. In 2015, while serving probation, Salari conducted an armed robbery of Jarl Sandin Watches & Jewelry in Gothenburg. Wielding a weapon that appeared to be an automatic rifle. Salari reportedly forced staff and customers to the ground as he snatched over 2 million kroner ($200,000) worth of watches. However, a hunter inside the store noticed the gun was not real and once Salari left, he chased him down and pinned him until police could arrive.

    Salari was sentenced to three years in prison for the robbery and paroled in 2018, but even despite being convicted of assault and theft during the probationary period, the courts did not force him back to prison to serve the sentence he had been paroled from. He was instead once again sentenced to probation on both occasions.

    In the following year, Salari was convicted of 10 different crimes, the last one being the theft of a laptop in central Gothenburg last year. The probation service, however, said at the time that it believed that there has been a “tangible improvement” in Salari’s personal situation, a line the district court took when once again sentencing him to probation.

    Salari may have been a one-man crime wave, but the Swedish judicial system perpetually issued him probation for crimes he committed even while serving probation. The latest victim in Gothenburg is one of many young Swedish girls who have been victims of migrant crime. Last year, 9-year-old Luna was strangled, sexually assaulted, and left for dead in a forest by a 15-year-old Ethiopian student with a record of sexual violence and watching strangulation porn on school computers. The girl, the subject of a long-form piece by Remix News, suffered severe brain damage, is confined to a wheelchair, and has only ever been able to say “mother.” since the attack.

    On April 7, 2017, a vehicle-ramming Islamist attack took place in Stockholm, resulting in the death of five people and the wounding of 14 others. The youngest victim was an 11-year-old girl, Ebba Akerlund.”

    Liked by 2 people

    1. like it or not, the Swedes need to fight for their country and their very lives.
      they are being preyed upon.
      time to exterminate the problem

      Liked by 2 people

      1. but i like her rejecting any notion outright. she wants to lead arizona–she won arizona.
        not like rhonda being coy. he will betray all that voted for him for governor if he leaves right after reelection to run for pres. i would never trust him again.

        Like

  13. “Tucker Carlson Reveals Startling Footage Of Who Was Behind Jan 6”
    U.S. · Mar 7, 2023 · BabylonBee.com

    “WASHINGTON, D.C. — In a stunning revelation last night, Fox News host Tucker Carlson aired previously unseen footage from the January 6, 2021 riot at the U.S. Capitol that definitively showed the mastermind behind the entire incident.

    “What you are about to see is shocking,” Carlson warned viewers before airing the video. “Parties from both inside and outside the government have tried desperately to keep this footage from ever being seen. Now we know why.”

    In the new video, it can be clearly seen that former First Lady, New York Senator, Secretary of State, and failed presidential candidate Hillary Clinton — wearing a furry buffalo-horned hat — stirred the assembled protestors up into an angry mob before prompting them to enter the Capitol. “Get in there, you deplorables!” Clinton can be seen shouting to people as she ushered them toward a Capitol entrance, where guards were politely holding the doors open for them and waving them in.

    In additional footage, a frustrated Clinton can be heard urging other protestors to poop on then-House Speaker Nancy Pelosi’s desk. When reached for comment on the video, Clinton denied any involvement. “This is simply more evidence of a vast right-wing Russian conspiracy,” Clinton said in a statement. “I was not present at the horrific attempt to violently overthrow our government on January 6th, 2021, despite the fact that I do own a buffalo hat.”

    At publishing time, Hillary Clinton was looking to make peace by offering Tucker Carlson an all-expenses-paid vacation to Matamoros, Mexico, including security provided by her personal bodyguards.”

    Liked by 2 people

  14. “Historians Stumped How Kids Throughout History Didn’t Commit Suicide Despite Having No Access To Gender Surgery”
    WORLDVIEWS · Mar 7, 2023 · BabylonBee.com

    PRINCETON, NJ — Despite being armed with respectable PhDs, published papers, and bowties, historians remain stumped that kids throughout history didn’t commit suicide despite having no access to gender surgery.

    They expressed astonishment that high rates of child suicide only exist in the country graciously offering gender surgeries to minors.

    “We’ve pored over manuscripts, scrolls, hieroglyphs, petroglyphs, and really old tweets,” said Professor of Old-Timey Children’s Studies, Dr. Richard Pritchard, “But we’ve been left perplexed that both gender surgeries and child suicides were practically nonexistent in civilizations past.”

    Dr. Pritchard had caused a stir in academia after claiming to have stumbled upon a centuries-old North American society that appeared to have offered gender-affirming surgery for minors. After peer review, however, his work was discredited with the discovery that the Aztecs were simply mutilating and sacrificing their children to the gods.

    “It’s a common misunderstanding to confuse child gender surgery and ritual child sacrifice, as the two practices have such striking similarities,” said Pritchard, “For example, in both cases, the parents seek to trade their children’s lives for increased status in the eyes of their community and their gods.”

    At publishing time, historians had announced confusion that past governments did not immediately collapse despite having no obligatory staff diversity quotas.”

    Liked by 2 people

  15. NF: Interesting – when I first opened this article, the video in the Tweet was not covered….now it is…still censoring, I see!!!

    “BREAKING: Middle school removes gender identity lesson after Libs of TikTok exposé”
    Libs of TikTok
    3 min ago

    EXCERPT: “Parents of Copley-Fairlawn Middle Schoolers were alarmed to find out their children were set to be taught about gender identity as part of their fifth-grade health curriculum. In a letter sent to parents, Ms. O’Donnell, a health teacher at Copley-Fairlawn Middle School, introduced the puberty education that fifth graders would receive. She wrote that the lessons would cover the physical and emotional changes that can be expected during puberty and would be taught in a way that was “age-appropriate, scientifically accurate, and non-judgmental.”

    But the lessons did not appear to be age appropriate or scientifically accurate at all. Students were expected to learn “the difference between sex assigned at birth and gender identity and expression.” They would also be taught about “internal and external reproductive body parts using medically accurate terms in a gender-neutral way.”

    The Copley-Fairlawn City Schools contracts with Akron Children’s School Hospital. Akron Children’s School Health Services provides school nurses and medical assistants to all schools in the district. This is the same hospital system that Libs of TikTok previously exposed for having a ‘Gender Affirming Center’ which offers puberty blockers and cross-sex hormones to kids as young as seven years old. Now this hospital is working with schools to inject gender ideology into the curriculum.

    Last week, Libs of TikTok obtained a copy of the letter from a concerned parent and contacted the school for comment. The superintendent, Brian Poe, responded that a meeting had been held between the principal and Ms. O’Donnell. He assured us that an updated letter would go out to parents that afternoon, modifying the puberty lesson.

    Principal Aaron Walker then sent an email to parents acknowledging that the original letter describing the lesson did not meet Ohio’s standards and confirmed that the school would not be teaching about gender identity.”

    https://www.libsoftiktok.com/p/breaking-middle-school-removes-gender

    Liked by 1 person

  19. Issue: March 7, 2023
    “Truth Social is losing advertising revenue due to organized blacklists, CEO says — Some similar blacklists have been found to be funded by the US government.”
    By Didi Rankovic
    Posted 1:49 pm

    ENTIRE ARTICLE @ ReclaimTheNet: “Trump Media & Technology Group (TMTG) CEO Devin Nunes says Truth Social’s ad platform is getting “pennies on the dollar” because of ad blacklisting based on political and ideological grounds. The former California representative, who resigned from Congress to head TMTG, has called for congressional action over this issue during an episode of his podcast where he had John Solomon, formerly of Fox News and the Washington Times, as a guest.

    In a Rumble video, Nunes first explained that Truth Social has built its Ad Center using Rumble, which runs independently of Big Tech infrastructure. He said raising awareness that this is a possibility was one of the reasons he spent several days in Washington, talking to his former colleagues.

    However, said Nunes, there is more they need to be aware of: in the early stages of building this platform, it became apparent that a small amount of money was getting to the social platform, and that looking deeper at the issue revealed it was not something faced by Truth Social and Rumble alone, but is rather “impacting the whole ecosystem of any website that would be deemed center to center-right.” And by “impacting” Nunes means that the top 1,000 US companies are refraining from investing ad money in any of these sites or platforms since they have effectively been blacklisted for their political stance. The former congressman suggested “the Left” is behind this.

    John Solomon was there to explain what drives what one might call “the media blacklisting industry” – namely, “fact-checking” organizations, and importantly – who’s behind them. Solomon believes that it is ultimately the government – the Democrats, or the Left – all in a bid to suppress information unfavorable to them and promote their own narratives. The journalist goes into how the current situation developed to where it is today, noting that towards the end of Trump’s presidency, “there were elements of the bureaucracy that were working with liberal entities.”

    Solomon mentions the FBI getting directly involved in censorship on Twitter, but also universities working on the government’s behalf. This work, which was according to him happening under the radar “of almost all Americans” eventually converged into creating indexes that facilitate the censoring and blacklisting of unwanted information.

    Solomon mentioned the Global Disinformation Index (GDI), which he said would “rate every news organization based on whether they followed the narrative of the government or not.” “And then if you had a low score on that, you would be bumped off advertising. And we didn’t know it. We couldn’t see it. We could see it in our advertising, but we couldn’t see what was going on behind the scenes,” he said of his own site.

    During the conversation, Nunes remarked that Congress needs to look into the matter, because otherwise, platforms politically center to center-right will be getting “just a small, small fraction” from the ad industry worth up to $300 billion.”

    Liked by 1 person

    1. well of course they are blacklisted. they can’t be controlled and as such are of no value to the intelligence community.
      what a crock of shit our gov’t has become.

      Liked by 1 person

  20. how much did sicknick’s family get paid? are they worried they will now have to repay the $$?
    their statement about carlson’s reveal
    FTA
    “The Sicknick family is outraged at the ongoing attack on our family by the unscrupulous and outright sleazy so called ‘news’ network of Fox News who will do the bidding of Trump or any of his sycophant followers, no matter what damage is done to the families of the fallen, the officers who put their lives on the line, and all who suffered on Jan 6th due to the lies started by Trump and spread by sleaze slinging outlets like Fox. Fox has shown time and time again that they are little more than the propaganda arm of the Republican Party and like Pravda, will do whatever they are told to keep the hatred and the lies flowing while suppressing anything resembling the truth. Fox does this not for any sense of morality as they have none, but for the quest for every penny of advertising money they can get from those who buy airtime from them. It is well past time that we move past Trump, the GOP, and all of the lies which have severely weakened and divided us as a nation and start seeking truth.

    Tucker Carlson claims that Fox has been looking over the video feeds from the Capitol, with full access supplied by our disgusting excuse for a House Speaker for the truth. Carlson’s ‘truth’ is to pick and choose footage that supports his delusional views that the Jan 6th Insurrection was peaceful and that Ashley Babbit was some kind of martyr because she was shot in the process of breaking into the Capitol Building. While making a criminal out to be a martyr, he is also downplaying the horrid situation faced by the USC and DC Metro Police who were incredibly outnumbered and were literally fighting for their very lives. One officer, Brian Sicknick, lost that fight the following day and several more officers lost that fight in the following weeks. On video, Officer Sicknick looks like he managed to shake off the chemical irritants and resume his duties. That he did, but his sense of duty and incredible work ethic were the driving force which sent him back in spite of his injuries and no doubt contributed to his succumbing to his injuries the following day.

    What will it take to silence the lies from people like Carlson? What will it take to convince people that the Jan 6th Insurrection was very real, was very violent, and that the event was orchestrated by a man who is every bit as corrupt and evil as Vladamir Putin? The Sicknick Family would love nothing more than to have Brian back with us and to resume our normal lives. Fictitious news outlets like Fox and its rabid followers will not allow that. Every time the pain of that day seems to have ebbed a bit, organizations like Fox rip our wounds wide open again and we are frankly sick of it. Leave us the hell alone and instead of spreading more lies from Supreme Leader Trump, why don’t you focus on real news?”

    https://nationalfile.com/capitol-cop-sicknicks-family-is-outraged-after-j6-security-footage-proves-he-wasnt-murdered/

    Liked by 1 person

  21. This is a good thing and something similar should happen in every state!

    EXCERPT: “The Colorado House of Representatives is considering passage of a bill that would end civil asset forfeiture in their state, replacing it with a constitutionally sound process. Should this bill become law, Colorado law enforcement would be prevented from making an end run around this law by opting the state out of the federal civil asset forfeiture program.

    House Bill 1086 — Due Process Asset Forfeiture Act — would substitute the civil asset forfeiture scheme with a criminal procedure that protects the accused from being treated like the convicted. Under the proposed law, a person’s property could be seized by law enforcement “only when a defendant is convicted of a crime of unlawful distribution, manufacturing, dispensing, or selling a controlled substance.”

    Regarding participation in the federal government’s civil asset forfeiture program, the Colorado measure bans local agencies from sidestepping their state’s stricter rules by proceeding under the looser (and lucrative) federal program.”

    https://thenewamerican.com/colorado-bill-would-end-policing-for-profit-civil-asset-forfeiture/

    Liked by 1 person

  22. Hmmm…know about this, Pat?

    03/07/23 • BIG ENERGY • BIG CHEMICAL

    “Shell Plastic Plant Continues to Pollute Pennsylvania Town 20 Miles From East Palestine Disaster.
    Shell’s 386-acre plastics production plant in Monaca, Pennsylvania, is spewing illegally high levels of volatile organic compounds and nitrogen oxides, which can contribute to respiratory illnesses and other health issues.”

    By Carey Gillam

    EXCERPT: “As news crews continue to swarm East Palestine, Ohio, in the aftermath of the Norfolk Southern disastrous derailment that released hazardous chemicals into the air, water and soil five weeks ago, another — less visible — environmental threat has been unfolding for months about 20 miles away near the small community of Monaca, Pennsylvania.

    The perpetrating polluter there is Shell and its new 386-acre plastics production plant, which Shell proudly proclaims as the “first major polyethylene manufacturing complex in the Northeastern United States” with a designed output of 1.6 million tonnes annually. The plant uses a process called “cracking” to convert natural gas liquid ethane into the petrochemical ethylene, a building block for plastic production.

    Shell, which made a record profit of nearly $40 billion in 2022, started operations late last year and says it expects to ramp up to full production by the second half of 2023. A company official was quoted in November expressing pride for Shell’s decision to become “invested in the community through employment and education” and to “repair and improve the local environment by remediating a brownfield site.”

    But in just its first few months of production, problems have quickly become apparent as Shell has regularly pumped far more pollutants into the air than it is legally allowed to emit.

    As reported in The New Lede, in its first 100 days the plant submitted at least seven malfunction reports to state regulators and received multiple notices of permit violations from the Pennsylvania Department of Environmental Protection (DEP).”

    https://childrenshealthdefense.org/defender/shell-plastic-plant-pollutes-monaca-pennsylvania-cg/

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  23. I am adding a short daily prayer to the board. I would invite each of you, if you wish, to also add one or maybe two of your own liking. I do not want to stifle anyone but please limit yourself to one or two religious postings. here’s one I found that I liked.

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