
Justice Clarence Thomas joined the U.S. Supreme Court on October 23, 1991, replacing Justice Thurgood Marshall. He is the longest-serving current Justice by a wide margin, and he is the only current Justice who took his seat before 2000. Thomas was born in Georgia on June 23, 1948. He became the first person in his family to go to college when he enrolled in Conception Seminary College in Missouri. Thomas transferred to the College of the Holy Cross in Massachusetts, where he majored in English literature. He graduated cum laude from Holy Cross in 1971 and received his law degree from Yale Law School in 1974.
Over the next three years, Thomas served as an Assistant Attorney General of Missouri. He then briefly worked for the Monsanto chemical company before moving to Washington, D.C. and taking a job for the Senate Commerce Committee. In 1981, Thomas became the Assistant Secretary for Civil Rights in the Department of Education, but he would stay there for only a year. He then spent eight years as the Chairman of the Equal Employment Opportunity Commission.
In late 1989, President George H.W. Bush nominated Thomas to the U.S. Court of Appeals for the District of Columbia Circuit. He was confirmed by the Senate in March 1990. Bush considered nominating Thomas to a Supreme Court vacancy just a few months later when Justice William Brennan retired, but Bush eventually chose David Souter instead. However, Thomas would get his chance just a year later. Bush nominated him on July 8, 1991 to fill the vacancy created by the retirement of Justice Thurgood Marshall.
Thomas went through his confirmation hearings in September 1991. The Senate Judiciary Committee did not send his nomination to the full Senate with a favorable recommendation, instead voting 13-1 to send his nomination without a recommendation. Before the Senate could vote on whether to confirm Thomas, though, allegations of sexual harassment surfaced in the media, This caused the Senate Judiciary Committee to reopen the confirmation hearings, which was the first time that this happened to a Supreme Court nominee since 1925. However, the Senate ultimately decided to confirm Thomas by a 52-48 vote on October 15. He took the constitutional and judicial oaths of office about a week later.
SOURCE: SUPREME.JUSTIA.COM



























